※ProMEDに投稿された世界の狂犬病情報を和訳してご紹介します。和訳は正確を期していますが、必ず原文をご参照ください。
RABIES (22): AMERICAS (USA) CAT, RACCOON, FOX, HUMAN EXPOSURE
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A ProMED-mail post <http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases <http://www.isid.org>
In this post:
[1] South Carolina: cat, human exposure
- サウスカロライナ：猫、人曝露
[2] South Carolina: raccoon, human exposure
- サウスカロライナ：アライグマ、人曝露
[3] North Carolina: fox, human exposure
- ノースカロライナ：キツネ、人曝露
[1] South Carolina: cat, human exposure
サウスカロライナ：猫、人曝露
Date: Thu 16 Jul 2020 10:46 a.m. EDT
Source: The Herald Online [edited]
<https://www.heraldonline.com/news/state/south-carolina/article244267452.html>
Two people were exposed to a rabid cat found in the Midlands, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) said Thursday [16 Jul 2020]. The cat -- with wounds of unknown origin -- was found 24 Jun 2020, DHEC officials said in a news release. The animal was discovered near John G. Richards Road and Cottage Lane in the Liberty Hill area of Kershaw County, according to the release. The people have been told to seek medical care, health officials said. DHEC said if a pet is found with unknown wounds it could have been exposed to rabies.
サウスカロライナ・ミッドランズの保健環境部(DHEC)は木曜日［2020.716］に２人が狂犬病の猫に曝露されたことを発表した。その猫は、2020年7月24日に発見され、原因不明の怪我を負っていたことをDHEC職員がニュースで発表した。リリースによれば、その動物はKershaw 地方のLiberty Hill 地域、John G. Richards RoadとCottage Laneの近くで発見された。猫に曝露された人たちは医療を受けるように伝えられたと保健部の職員は述べた。DHECは、もしペットが原因不明の傷を負っていたら狂犬病に曝露された可能性があると述べた。
On Monday [13 Jul 2020], the cat was taken to DHEC's lab, which confirmed the next day [14 Jul 2020] it had rabies, officials said. This cat is the 2nd animal in Kershaw County to test positive for rabies in 2020, DHEC said. There have been 68 cases of rabid animals reported in South Carolina this year [2020]. In 2019, one of the 148 confirmed rabies cases in South Carolina was in Kershaw County, according to the release.
月曜日［2020.7.13］その猫をD H E C研究所に連れて行き、次の日［2020.7.1４］にその猫が狂犬病であることが確認された。この猫は、2020年のKershaw 地方において狂犬病陽性となった２番目の動物であるとDHECは述べた。サウスカロライナでは2020年に68例の狂犬病に感染した動物が報告されている。リリースによると2019年、サウスカロライナでは148例の狂犬病感染症例が報告されており、そのうち１例がKershaw 地方であった。
"To reduce the risk of getting rabies, always give wild and stray animals plenty of space," DHEC's Director of Onsite Wastewater, Rabies Prevention, and Enforcement Division David Vaughan said in the release. "If you see an animal in need, avoid touching it. Contact someone trained in handling animals, such as your local animal control officer or wildlife rehabilitator. The possibility of exposure to rabies can occur anywhere, anytime. If you believe you or someone you know has had contact with or been potentially exposed to this or another suspect animal, please reach out to your local Environmental Affairs office. An exposure is defined as a bite, a scratch, or contact with saliva or body fluids from an infected, or possibly infected, animal."
“狂犬病に感染するリスクを軽減させるために、野生動物や飼い主がいない動物とは距離を取らなければいけない。”とDHECの排水処理管理者であり狂犬病予防、監視課のDavid Vaughanはリリースで述べた。もし、困っている動物を見てもその動物を触ってはいけない。あなたの地域の動物管理官や野生動物のリハビリテーションを行う者など、動物を扱う訓練を受けた者と連絡を取ってください。いつでもどこでも狂犬病にさらされる可能性はある。もしあなたやあなたの知人が感染したもしくは疑いのある動物に接触をした場合には地元の環境事務局へ連絡をしてください。暴露は感染動物や感染している可能性のある動物に噛まれたり、引っ掻かれたり、その動物の唾液や体液に触れることで起こります。
Getting pets vaccinated for rabies is the best way to protect against the disease, DHEC said. If an owner thinks their pet has been exposed to rabies, DHEC
officials said they should call during normal business hours or call the after-hours number at other times.
[Byline: Noah Feit]
ペットに狂犬病ワクチンを接種することは狂犬病を予防する最も良い方法であるとDHECは述べた。ペットが狂犬病に曝露されたと飼い主が思うなら、通常の業務時間、そのほかの時間なら業務時間外の番号に電話をするべきであるとDHECは述べた。
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Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[2] South Carolina: raccoon, human exposure
サウスカロライナ：アライグマ、人曝露
Date: Fri 17 Jul 2020 3:22 p.m. EDT
Source: Live 5 News [edited]
<https://www.live5news.com/2020/07/17/one-person-exposed-rabid-raccoon-charleston-county/>
The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) confirmed one person in Charleston County was exposed to a raccoon that tested positive for rabies. The raccoon was found near Chaplins Landing Road and Water Way Lane in the Hollywood area, the agency said. The person exposed has been referred to their healthcare provider.
サウスカロライナ州保健環境管理局（DHEC）は、チャールストン郡に住む人がアライグマによって狂犬病に曝露されたことを確認した。DHECによれば、そのアライグマはハリウッドのチャンプリンズランディングロードとウォーターウェイレーンの近くで見つかり、感染した人はDHECと提携している医療機関へ紹介された。
David Vaughan, the director of DHEC's Onsite Wastewater, Rabies Prevention, and Enforcement Division, says you should always give wild and stray animals plenty of space to avoid the risk of getting rabies.
DHECの排水処理、狂犬病予防、執行部門の監督であるデイビット・ヴォーンによると狂犬病に感染するリスクを抑えるためには野生や野良の動物には近づかないことである。
"If you see an animal in need, avoid touching it," he said. "Contact someone trained in handling animals, such as your local animal control officer or wildlife rehabilitator. The possibility of exposure to rabies can occur anywhere, anytime. If you believe you or someone you know has had contact with or been potentially exposed to this or another suspect animal, please reach out to your local Environmental Affairs office. An exposure is defined as a bite, a scratch, or contact with saliva or body fluids from an infected or possibly infected animal."
もし困っている動物を見かけても触れることは避け、扱いの訓練を受けた地元の動物管理官や野生動物のリハビレーターに連絡をしてください。狂犬病への曝露はいつでもどこでも起こり得ます。もしあなたやあなたの知人が感染したもしくは疑いのある動物に接触をした場合には地元の環境事務局へ連絡をしてください。曝露は感染動物からの咬み傷や引っかき傷、唾液や体液との接触によってされます。
If your pet is found with wounds of unknown origin, please consider your pet could have been exposed to rabies and contact DHEC's Environmental Affairs Charleston office. To report a bite or exposure on holidays or times outside of normal business hours, please call the DHEC after-hours service number.
もしあなたのペットに原因の分からない傷があった場合には狂犬病に曝露された可能を考慮し、DHECの環境事務チャールストン事務所に連絡してください。もし休日や業務時間外の場合にはDHECの時間外サービス番号までお電話ください。
DHEC says keeping pets up-to-date on their rabies vaccination is one of the easiest and most effective ways to protect against thedisease. This raccoon is the 15th animal in Charleston County to test positive for rabies in 2020. There have been 70 cases of rabid animals statewide this year [2020]. Since 2011, South Carolina has averaged approximately 130 positive cases a year. In 2019, 19 of the 148 confirmed rabies cases in South Carolina were in Charleston County.
DHECによれば、狂犬病の予防接種を毎年接種することはペットを病気から保護するための最も簡単で最も効果的な方法の1つです。このアライグマは2020年にチャールストン郡で狂犬病陽性と診断された15番目の動物であり、今年は州全体で70例の狂犬病が確認されています。2011年以来、サウスカロライナ州では年間平均約130件の陽性症例を記録しており、2019年にサウスカロライナ州で診断された148件の狂犬病症例のうち19例はチャールストン郡で確認されています。
[Byline: Patrick Phillips]
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Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
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[3] North Carolina: fox, human exposure
ノースカロライナ：キツネ、人曝露
Date: Thu 23 Jul 2020 6:45 a.m. EDT
Source: WSPA [edited]
<https://www.wspa.com/news/state-news/north-carolina-woman-attacked-in-bed-by-rabid-fox/>
A North Carolina woman had a scary encounter with a rabid fox in her own home Sunday night [19 Jul 2020].
ノースキャロライナ州に住む女性は日曜日の夜（2020/7/19）に自宅で狂犬病に感染した狐との恐ろしい出会いをした。
[JL] said she was in her bed when she saw the fox come through her dog's doggie door on the patio. She recalled seeing the ears of the fox glide across her room before she came face-to-face with the animal when it jumped on her bed. "I was praying I would live," [JL] recalled, from the moment the fox jumped on her bed.
[JL]は、彼女がベットにいる際に狐が自宅の犬用のドアから入ってくるのを見たと述べた。また、狐がベットに飛び乗り対面する前に、彼女の部屋を横切る狐の耳が見えたそうだ。狐がベットに飛び乗った瞬間、彼女は『生きられることを祈った』とのことだ。
It grabbed her by the foot and would not let go until she pried it off of her. She then held it by its neck for more than 12 minutes waiting for police and paramedics to arrive. "I don't know what else you could do. Maybe throw a pillow at it, or a
blanket at it, or something like that," she said.
狐は彼女の足に噛みつき、振りほどくまで離さなかった。その後、彼女は狐の首を掴み警察と救急隊員が到着する１２分以上の間抑え続けました。『枕か毛布か似たようなものを投げればよかったかもしれないけれど、私は他にどうしたらいいのかわからなかったの。』と彼女は語った。
On Wednesday [22 Jul 2020], animal control confirmed the fox had tested positive for rabies. [JL] has endured several shots, including a rabies vaccine. She is
still in a lot of pain, but is thankful her dog and other neighborhood pets were not hurt. "I left that door open to the house so she could get in. I don't anymore," she said. Neighbors in the area told the news station they have seen more foxes coming closer to people's property. Animal control leaders explained it could be the case for a lot of neighborhoods.
水曜日（2020/7/22）に動物管理局はその狐が狂犬病陽性だと確認し、[JL]は狂犬病ワクチンを含む注射を複数接種した。痛みが続いているが彼女のおかげで彼女の犬や近所のペットたちは被害を被っていない。『私は犬が戻れるようにドアを開けっ放しにしていましたが、もうしないわ。』と言った。近所の人たちは新聞社に対し多くの狐が人間のものに近づいているのを見たと言っている。動物管理局の局長はこの出来事は多くの地域に当てはまるかもしれないと言う。
The warm weather could be causing more foxes to move around from their natural habits. January through March is typically mating season, so more baby foxes could be walking into neighborhoods. Foxes could also be moving around to find food.Guilford County Animal Control says this is the 8th case of rabies in
2020.
温暖な気候はより多くの狐の本来の生息域からの移動を誘発し得る。１月から３月は通常繁殖期であり、多くの子狐が近所を歩くことになる可能性がある。また、狐は食事を探して動き回る。ギルフォード郡動物管理局によるとこの症例は2020年における狂犬病感染症の８症例目である。
[Byline: Daniel Pierce]
Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
以下はPEPに関する一般的な記述ですので和訳を省略します。
[This last article should cause us all to look at pet doors that are left open, especially in the night or evening, in a new light. Perhaps it would be best to simply let your pet in and out, as unwanted animals may also avail themselves of this handy entrance to your home. It does not have to be nighttime; this could happen at any time.
Regardless of the risk for rabies, bite wounds can cause serious injury such as nerve or tendon laceration and infection. Your doctor will determine the best way to care for your wound and will also consider how to treat the wound for the best possible cosmetic results.
For many types of bite wounds, immediate gentle irrigation with water or a dilute water povidone-iodine solution has been shown to markedly decrease the risk of bacterial infection. [If you are allergic to iodine, do not use the povidone-iodine solution mentioned here.
Wound cleansing is especially important in rabies prevention since, in animal studies, thorough wound cleansing alone without other postexposure prophylaxis has been shown to markedly reduce the likelihood of rabies.
You should receive a tetanus shot if you have not been immunized in 10 years. Decisions regarding the use of antibiotics and primary wound closure should be decided together with your doctor.
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) and rabies vaccine given on the day of the rabies exposure, and then a dose of vaccine given again on days 3, 7, and 14. For people who have never been vaccinated against rabies previously, postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) should always include administration of both HRIG and rabies vaccine. The combination of HRIG and vaccine is recommended for both bite and non-bite exposures, regardless of the interval between exposure and initiation of treatment. People who have been previously vaccinated or are receiving preexposure vaccination for rabies should receive only vaccine.
Adverse reactions to rabies vaccine and immune globulin are not common. Newer vaccines in use today cause fewer adverse reactions than previously available vaccines. Mild, local reactions to the rabies vaccine, such as pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site, have been reported. Rarely, symptoms such as headache, nausea, abdominal pain, muscle aches, and dizziness have been reported. Local pain and low-grade fever may follow injection of rabies immune globulin.
The vaccine should be given at recommended intervals for best results. Talk to your doctor or state or local public health officials if you will not be able to have your shots at the recommended interval. Rabies prevention is a serious matter, and changes should not be made in the schedule of doses. Patient-assistance programs that provide medications to uninsured or underinsured patients are available for rabies vaccine and immune globulin.
People cannot transmit rabies to other people unless they themselves are sick with rabies. PEP will protect you from developing rabies, and therefore you cannot expose other people to rabies. You can continue to participate in your normal activities. Source: <https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/medical_care/index.html> - Mod.TG
HealthMap/ProMED-mail maps:
Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States:
<http://healthmap.org/promed/p/18875>
Charleston County, South Carolina, United States:
<http://healthmap.org/promed/p/11222>
Guilford County, North Carolina, United States:
<http://healthmap.org/promed/p/1063>]
[See Also:
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human http://promedmail.org/post/20200628.7517416
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200628.7517123
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200503.7294707
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200412.7213951
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200321.7122312
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200302.7041402
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200214.6987679
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http://promedmail.org/post/20200201.6943518
2019
----
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http://promedmail.org/post/20190917.6678064
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