※ProMEDに投稿された世界の狂犬病情報を和訳してご紹介します。和訳は正確を期していますが、必ず原文をご参照下さい。
RABIES (57): AMERICAS (USA) RACCOON, CAT, HUMAN EXPOSURE
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[1] Connecticut: raccoon, human exposure
[2] South Carolina: cat, human exposure
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[1] Connecticut: raccoon, human exposure
［１］Connecticut: アライグマ，ヒト暴露
Date: Wed 11 Dec 2019
Source: The Register Citizen [edited]
<https://www.registercitizen.com/news/article/CT-child-mom-attacked-by-rabid-racoon-at-school-14898923.php>
A mother and her young child who were attacked by a raccoon at a school bus stop last week are undergoing rabies treatment. The attack happened last Thursday [5 Dec 2019] at a bus stop off of Georgetown Road in Weston.
先週，母親とその子どもが，スクールバス乗り場でアライグマに襲われ，狂犬病の治療を受けている．事故は，先週木曜日（2019年12月5日）にWestonのGeorgetown通りのバス停で下車した際に起きた．
Animal control officer Mark Harper said the child was getting out of a vehicle and the raccoon "came out of nowhere" and started grabbing at the child's legs. The mother then went around the vehicle and grabbed the raccoon.
動物管理局のMark Harperによれば，子どもがバスから降りているとき，アライグマが“どこかからやってきて”，子どもの足につかみかかった．母親は，バスを回り込み，アライグマを掴んだ．
The mother and child, who were bitten on the arms and hands, were transported to Norwalk Hospital. "The poor kid was petrified with what happened," Harper said. When police arrived, the raccoon had already fled. A neighbor said the raccoon was later seen in a swampy area.
母子は，腕と手を噛まれ，Norwakl病院に搬送された．「かわいそうな子どもは，事故が起きた時，呆然としていた」とHarperは述べた．警察官が到着したときには，そのアライグマは既に居なくなっていた．隣人は，その後，そのアライグマをswampy地区で見かけたと証言した．
After Harper was able to track down the raccoon, it then attacked him. Harper then euthanized the raccoon. The animal later tested positive for rabies.
Harperは，アライグマを発見した際，攻撃された為，アライグマは安楽死された．アライグマは，その後，検査で狂犬病陽性を確認した．
Harper said it has been between 10 and 15 years since a similar incident happened in town. Last October [2019], an 84-year-old Hamden woman was bitten on the
hand by a raccoon while working in her garden. The raccoon later fled and was not found. The woman was transported to Yale New Haven Hospital.
Harperは，この町では，ここ10年から15年の間に同様の事件があったと述べた．（2019年）10月には，Hamdenの84歳の老女が，自宅で庭仕事をしている際にアライグマに手を噛まれた．そのアライグマは逃走し，発見できなかった．その女性は，Yale New Haven病院に搬送された．
According to the Mayo Clinic, rabies treatment includes a series of vaccinations. A fast-acting shot (rabies immune globulin) prevents the virus from infecting you. Part of this injection is given near the area where the animal bit you, if possible, as soon as possible after the bite.
Mayoクリニックによれば，狂犬病の治療には，複数回の予防接種を行う．即効性の注射（狂犬病免疫グロブリン）は，ウイルスの感染から患者を保護する．この注射は，動物に咬まれた部位の近く，可能であれば，なるべく咬まれた直後に投与する．
This is followed by a series of rabies vaccinations to help your body learn to identify and fight the rabies virus. Rabies vaccinations are given as injections in your arm. Four injections are given over a 14-day period.
一連の狂犬病予防接種は，体が狂犬病ウイルスを認識し，戦うことを助ける．狂犬病予防接種は，14日間隔で4回，腕に注射する．
[Byline: Jim Shay]
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
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[2] South Carolina: cat, human exposure
［2］ South Carolina:ネコ，ヒト暴露
Date: Mon 23 Dec 2019
Source: WRDW [edited]
<https://www.wrdw.com/content/news/Stray-cat-potentially-exposes-person-to-rabies-in-Aiken-County-566437981.html>
The Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) says one person has possibly been exposed to rabies by a stray cat in Aiken County. DHEC says the person has been referred to their healthcare provider.
保健環境管理局（The Department of Health and Environmental Control: DHEC）は，Aiken郡で，ノラネコからヒトへの狂犬病の暴露があったと公表した．DHECは，被害者は管理局の医療機関を受診したと明らかにした。
In a report, DHEC says the exposure happened on 18 Dec 2019 when the victim was bitten by a black-and-white stray cat on their property outside New Ellenton. The cat was tested the next day, and on 20 Dec 2019, was confirmed to have rabies.
DHECは発表の中で，被害者は2019年12月18日に，New Ellentonにある被害者の所有する土地の屋外において，黒白のノラネコに咬まれ暴露したと報告した．当該ネコは，事故翌日に検査に供され，2019年12月20日に狂犬病である事が確定した．
"Rabies is usually transmitted through a bite, which allows saliva from an infected animal to be introduced into the body of a person or another animal. However, saliva or neural tissue contact with open wounds or areas such as the eyes, nose, or mouth could also potentially transmit rabies," said David Vaughan, director of DHEC's Onsite Wastewater, Rabies Prevention, and Enforcement Division.
DHEC排水処理，狂犬病予防，および監視部門の責任者であるDavid Vaughanは，「狂犬病は，通常罹患動物の唾液を通じ，ヒトや他の動物にの体内にウイルスを侵入させる咬傷により伝播される．しかし，唾液や神経組織が，開放創，あるいは眼，鼻もしくは口などに接触することによっても，感染することがある．」と述べた．
DHEC says this cat is the 9th animal in Aiken County to test positive for rabies in 2019. DHEC says if you have reason to believe that you, your family members, or your pets have come into contact with this cat, or another animal potentially having rabies, please call DHEC's Environmental Affairs Aiken office at (803) 642-1637 during normal business hours (M-F, 8:30-5:00).
DHECは，2019年にAiken郡で狂犬病陽性となったネコは，この症例で9匹目であると述べた．DHECは，あなた自身や，あなたの家族，またはあなたのペットが，このネコ，あるいは狂犬病に罹患した動物に接触したおそれのある場合は，DHEC環境管理室Aikenオフィス（(803) 642-1637）まで，業務時間内（月曜日から金曜日，8:30~5:00）に電話して欲しいとしている．
DHEC says be sure to immediately wash any part of your body having come into contact with saliva or neural tissue with plenty of soap and water and seek medical attention.
DHECは，体の何処であろうと，唾液または神経組織と接触した場合には，必ず，早急に十分な石鹸および水で洗浄し，医療機関を受診するように，述べた．
To report a bite or exposure on holidays and/or times outside of normal business hours, please call the DHEC after-hours servicenumber. DHEC says there have been 146 cases of rabid animals across South Carolina this year [2019]. They also say in 2018, 4 of the 100 confirmed rabies cases in South Carolina were in Aiken County.
休日および／または業務時間外に咬まれたり暴露した場合には，DHECの緊急連絡先まで連絡して下さい．DHECによれば2019年，South Carolinaでは146例の狂犬病動物が報告されており，2018年にはSouth Carolinaで確定された100例の内，4例がAiken郡で報告された．
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以下省略
Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[Neither of the communities in this posting mentioned holding a rabies drive, nor did either article encourage individuals to get their pet(s) vaccinated. Rabies is an old disease that can still take your life or the life of your pet. I am surprised these articles don't tell us more about rabies drives or urge the public to vaccinate.
Rabies virus remains a deadly disease, which is preventable by vaccination. Take your pets for vaccination. It helps protect you too. There are very few people who have ever survived this disease, and their life post-rabies is difficult, to say the least. Please protect yourself. Please protect your pets by getting vaccinations.
Pets without vaccinations who may get bitten or get in a fight with a wild animal may well be euthanized out of precaution to keep people safe. It is a painful way to lose a companion. Even young puppies and kittens can be infected with rabies.
The rabies virus infects the central nervous system. If a person does not receive the appropriate medical care after a potential rabies exposure, the virus can cause disease in the brain, ultimately resulting in death. Rabies can be prevented by vaccinating pets, staying away from wildlife, and seeking medical care after potential exposures before symptoms start.
After a bite or other rabies exposure, the rabies virus has to travel through the body to the brain before it can cause symptoms. This time between the exposure and the appearance of symptoms is called the incubation period, and it may last for weeks to months. The incubation period may vary based on the location of the exposure site (how far away it is from the brain), the type of rabies virus, and any existing immunity.
The 1st symptoms of rabies in human beings may be very similar to those of the flu, including general weakness or discomfort, fever, or headache. These symptoms may last for days.
There may be also discomfort or a prickling or itching sensation at the site of the bite, progressing within days to acute symptoms of cerebral dysfunction, anxiety, confusion, and agitation. As the disease progresses, the person may experience delirium, abnormal behavior, hallucinations, hydrophobia (fear of water), and insomnia. The acute period of disease typically ends after 2-10 days. Once clinical signs of rabies appear, the disease is nearly always fatal, and treatment is typically supportive. To date, less than 20 cases of human survival from clinical rabies have been documented, and only a few survivors had no history of pre- or postexposure prophylaxis.
If you have been bitten or scratched by an animal, wash the bite/scratch with copious amounts of soap and water. Seek medicalattention. Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) and rabies vaccine given on the day of the rabies exposure, and then a dose of vaccine given again on days 3, 7, and 14. For people who have never been vaccinated against rabies previously, postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) should always include administration of both HRIG and rabies vaccine. The combination of HRIG and vaccine is recommended for both bite and non-bite exposures, regardless of the interval between exposure and initiation of treatment. People who have been previously vaccinated or are receiving preexposure vaccination for rabies should receive only vaccine.
Adverse reactions to rabies vaccine and immune globulin are not common. Newer vaccines in use today cause fewer adverse reactions than previously available vaccines. Mild, local reactions to the rabies vaccine, such as pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site, have been reported. Rarely, symptoms such as headache, nausea, abdominal pain, muscle aches, and dizziness have been reported. Local pain and low-grade fever may follow injection of rabies immune globulin.
The vaccine should be given at recommended intervals for best results. Talk to your doctor or state or local public health officials if you will not be able to have your shots at the recommended interval. Rabies prevention is a serious matter, and changes should not be made in the schedule of doses. Patient-assistance programs that provide medications to uninsured or underinsured patients are available for rabies vaccine and immune globulin.
People cannot transmit rabies to other people unless they themselves are sick with rabies. PEP will protect you from developing rabies, and therefore you cannot expose other people to rabies. You can continue to participate in your normal activities.
<https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/index.html>. - Mod.TG
HealthMap/ProMED-mail maps:
Connecticut, United States: <http://healthmap.org/promed/p/210>
South Carolina, United States: <http://healthmap.org/promed/p/242>]
[See Also:
Rabies (54): Americas (Bolivia) dog, human
http://promedmail.org/post/20191205.6823876
Rabies (53): Americas (USA) fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191125.6797040
Rabies (50): Americas (USA) cat, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20191110.6771632
Rabies (49): Americas (USA) fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191108.6769314
Rabies (48): Americas (USA) cat, dog, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191031.6752781
Rabies (47): Americas (USA) skunk, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20191022.6740671
Rabies (45): Americas (USA) dog, skunk, raccoon, fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190917.6678064
Rabies (44): Americas (USA) bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190904.6657837
Rabies (43): Americas (USA) fox, bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190825.6639484
Rabies (42): Americas (USA) dog, cat, fox, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190810.6615389
Rabies (41): Americas (Canada) bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190802.6602497
Rabies (40): Americas (USA) bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190730.6595948
Rabies (39): Americas (Canada, USA) bat, fox, kitten, raccoon, human
http://promedmail.org/post/20190724.6584394
Rabies (38): Americas (Canada, USA) bat, fox, human
http://promedmail.org/post/20190718.6574088
Rabies (37): Americas (USA) cat, fox, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190707.6555131
Rabies (34): Americas (USA) cat, dog, skunk, bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190613.6517390
Rabies (32): Americas, Brazil (PA) susp., RFI
http://promedmail.org/post/20190604.6503047
Rabies (30): Americas, USA (FL, NC) cat, fox, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190526.6488419
Rabies (28): Americas, USA, cattle, imported dogs, corr.
http://promedmail.org/post/20190512.6466342
Rabies (28): Americas (USA) cattle, imported dogs
http://promedmail.org/post/20190511.6465671
Rabies (26): Americas (USA) fox, raccoon, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190507.6459317
Rabies (15): Americas, Brazil (RS) bat, cattle
http://promedmail.org/post/20190409.6413470
Rabies (13): Americas, USA (CO, PA) dog, cow, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190327.6390272
Rabies (12): Americas, USA (SC, CT) raccoon, dog, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20190322.6380311
Rabies (11): Americas, USA (FL) raccoon, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20190320.6375303
Rabies (10): Americas, USA (SC) goat, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190313.6365399
Rabies (09): Americas, USA (NY) raccoon, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20190313.6363251
2018
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Rabies (48): Americas (USA) raccoon, human exp., susp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20180921.6044436
Rabies (37): Americas (USA) raccoon, feline, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20180707.5893249
Rabies (36): Americas (USA) bat, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20180704.5888152
Rabies (35): Americas (USA)
http://promedmail.org/post/20180701.5884464
Rabies (33): Americas (USA) bat, comment
http://promedmail.org/post/20180615.5858003
Rabies (30): Americas (USA) bat, comment
http://promedmail.org/post/20180608.5846452
Rabies (29): Americas (USA) bat, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20180606.5843054
Rabies (17): Americas (USA) bat, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20180328.5714194
Rabies (10): Americas (USA) fox, susp., human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20180215.5630732
Rabies (06): Americas (USA) human, bat, canine exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20180116.5562905
Rabies (05): Americas (USA) fox, susp., human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20180112.5556138
Rabies (04): Americas (USA, Brazil) bat, human, Milwaukee protocol
http://promedmail.org/post/20180111.5553455
2017
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Rabies (42): Americas (USA) bat, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20171002.5355205
Rabies (38): Americas (USA)
http://promedmail.org/post/20170731.5216276
Rabies (36): Americas (USA) wildlife, multiple human exposures
http://promedmail.org/post/20170725.5203948
Rabies (34): Americas (USA) bat, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20170719.5188826
Rabies (33): Americas (USA) bobcat, canine & human exposures
http://promedmail.org/post/20170718.5186364
Rabies (28): Americas (USA) bat, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20170707.5157811
Rabies (27): Americas (USA) feline
http://promedmail.org/post/20170702.5145002
and other items in the archives]
