※ProMEDに投稿された世界の狂犬病情報を和訳してご紹介します。和訳は正確を期していますが、必ず原文をご参照ください。
RABIES (08): AMERICAS (USA, CANADA) CAT, DOG, FOX, SKUNK, HUMAN EXPOSURE
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A ProMED-mail post <http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases <http://www.isid.org>
In this posting:本掲載内容
[1] USA (South Carolina): cat, human exposure
USA（サウスカロライナ）：猫、人曝露
[2] USA (Arizona): fox, human exposure
USA（アリゾナ）：キツネ、人曝露
[3] USA (Arizona): fox, skunk, human exposure
USA（アリゾナ）：キツネ、スカンク、人曝露
[4] Canada (Victoria Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut): dog,
human exposure
カナダ（ヌナブト準州キティクメオット地域のビクトリア島）犬、人曝露
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[1] USA (South Carolina): cat, human exposure
USA（サウスカロライナ）：猫、人曝露
Date: Thu 13 Feb 2020 2020年2月13日（木）
Source: South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control [edited]
出典：サウスカロライナ保健環境管理局（編集済）
<https://scdhec.gov/news-releases/york-county-stray-cat-potentially-exposes-four-people-rabies>
The Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) reported today [13 Feb 2020] 4 people have been referred to their healthcare providers after being potentially exposed to rabies by a stray cat testing positive for the disease.
保健環境管理局（DHEC）は本日[2020年2月13日]狂犬病検査陽性の野良猫により曝露された可能性がある4名を医療提供者に紹介したと報告した。
The potential exposure occurred 10 Feb 2020 when the victims were potentially exposed by a black and white stray cat near the Celanese Road exit off Interstate 77 in Rock Hill, South Carolina. The stray cat was submitted to DHEC's laboratory for testing on 11 Feb 2020 and was confirmed to have rabies on 13 Feb 2020.
2020年2月10日、被害者がサウスカロライナ州ロックヒルの州間高速道路77のCelanese Road出口近くの白黒の野良猫によって暴露された可能性がある。 野良猫は、2020年2月11日に検査のためにDHECの研究室に提供され、2020年2月13日に狂犬病であったことが確認された。
"Rabies is usually transmitted through a bite which allows saliva from an infected animal to be introduced into the body of a person or another animal; however, saliva or neural tissue contact with open wounds or areas such as the eyes, nose or mouth could also potentially transmit rabies," said David Vaughan, Director of DHEC's Onsite Wastewater, Rabies Prevention, and Enforcement Division.
「狂犬病は通常、感染した動物の唾液を人や他の動物の身体に咬傷を介して伝染しますが、唾液または神経組織が傷口や目、鼻、口などと接触することにより感染する可能性もあります 。」と、DHECの下水管理、狂犬病予防、および監視課長であるDavid Vaughan氏は述べた。
It's important to keep pets up to date on their rabies vaccination, as this is one of the easiest and most effective ways to protect against the disease.
ペットへのワクチン接種を更新しておくことは、この病気に対する防御方法として最も簡単で効果的な方法の一つである。
"To reduce the risk of getting rabies, always give wild and stray animals their space," Vaughan said. "If you see an animal in need,avoid touching it and contact someone trained in handling animals, such as your local animal control officer or wildlife rehabilitator."
「狂犬病のリスクを減らすために、常に野生動物や放浪動物とは近づかないようにしてください。」「弱っている動物を見つけた場合は、触れないで、地元の動物管理官や野生動物リハビリテーターなど、動物の取り扱いの訓練を受けた人に連絡してください。」とVaughan氏は述べた。
If you believe yourself, family members or pets have come into contact with this stray cat or another animal potentially having rabies, please call DHEC's Environmental Affairs Rock Hill Office during normal business hours (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday-Friday). Be sure to immediately wash any part of your body possibly having come into contact with saliva or neural tissue with plenty of soap and water and seek medical attention. To report a bite or exposure on holidays or times outside of normal business hours, please call the DHEC after-hours service number.
ご自身、ご家族、ペットがこの野良猫や狂犬病の可能性のある別の動物と接触したと思われる場合は、通常の就業時間（月曜日から金曜日の午前8時30分から午後5時30分）にDHECの環境問題ロックヒルオフィスにご連絡ください。唾液や神経組織に触れた可能性のある体の部分は、石鹸と水で十分に洗い流し、医師の診察を受けてください。休日や通常の就業時間外に咬傷や曝露を報告する場合には、DHECの時間外サービス番号に電話してください。
This cat is the 1st animal in York County to test positive for rabies in 2020. There have been 13 positive cases of rabid animals statewide this year [2020]. Since 2011, South Carolina has averaged approximately 130 positive cases a year. In 2019, 4 of the 148 confirmed rabies cases in South Carolina were in York County.
この猫は、ヨーク郡で2020年に狂犬病の陽性を示した最初の動物である。今年、州全体で狂犬病の陽性例が13件であった[2020]。 2011年以来、サウスカロライナ州では年間平均約130の陽性症例があった。 2019年、サウスカロライナ州で確認された狂犬病症例148例のうち4例がヨーク郡であった。
Contact information for local Bureau of Environmental Health Services offices is available at <www.scdhec.gov/EAoffices>. For more information on rabies, visit <www.scdhec.gov/rabies> or <www.cdc.gov/rabies>.
地域の環境保健管理事務所の連絡先は、<www.scdhec.gov/EAoffices>で入手できる。 狂犬病の詳細については、<www.scdhec.gov/rabies>または<www.cdc.gov/rabies>を参照。
Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
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[2] USA (Arizona): fox, human exposure
USA（アリゾナ）：キツネ、人曝露
Date: Tue 18 Feb 2020 10:53 MST 2020年2月18日（火）10：53山地標準時
Source: KVOA.com News 4 Tucson [edited]
<https://kvoa.com/news/top-stories/2020/02/18/gray-fox-bites-hiker-at-sabino-canyon-azgfd-says/>
A hiker is being treated after being bitten by a gray fox on Saturday [15 Feb 2020] at Sabino Canyon.
ハイカーが、土曜日[2020年2月15日]にサビノキャニオンで灰色キツネに咬まれた後、治療を受けてている。
According to Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD), the hiker was treated for rabies at Tucson Medical Center as a precaution. Wildlife officials say the fox may have been illegally fed.
アリゾナの狩猟及び水産局（AZGFD）によると、ハイカーは発症予防措置としてツーソン医療センターで狂犬病の処置を受けました。 野生生物当局者は、キツネが違法に餌を与えられた可能性があると話している。
Foxes are among the most common rabies carriers, AZGFD says. You can report wildlife feeding to 800-352-0700. You can remain anonymous.
[Byline: Julia Leon]
キツネは、最も一般的な狂犬病キャリアの1つです、とAZGFDは話している。 800-352-0700に野生動物への餌やりを報告できます。 匿名のままでかまいません。
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Communicated by: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
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[3] USA (Arizona): fox, skunk, human exposure
USA（アリゾナ）：キツネ、スカンク、人曝露
Date: Wed 11 Mar 2020 16:47 MST 2020年3月11日（水）16：47山地標準時
Source: KVOA.com News 4 Tucson [edited]
<https://kvoa.com/news/local-news/2020/03/11/animals-who-bit-hikers-in-tucson-area-test-positive-for-rabies/>
The animals that reportedly bit 2 people in separate incidents last week tested positive for rabies, the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD) announced Wednesday [11 Mar 2020].
先週別々の事故で2人を咬んだと報告された動物たちは、狂犬病陽性であったとアリゾナ狩猟及び水産局（AZGFD）は水曜日に発表した[2020年3月11日]。
Last Friday [6 Mar 2020], AZGFD announced a fox bit a person while the individual was hiking in Sabino Canyon the day before.
先週の金曜日[2020年3月6日]に、AZGFDは、前日にサビノキャニオンでハイキングをしているときに、キツネが人を咬んだと発表した。
Another person was bitten on Thursday [5 Mar 2020]. However, this case took place in the Santa Ritas and involved a skunk.
別の人が木曜日に咬まれました[2020年3月5日]。 ただし、このケースはSanta Ritasで発生し、スカンクによるものだった。
Officials said both individuals who were bitten received treatment for rabies at the time of their incidents. On Monday, AZGFD announced the rabies tests in both cases came back positive.
[Byline: Anthony Victor Reyes]
当局は、咬まれた両人が事故の際に狂犬病の治療を受けたと述べた。 月曜日、AZGFDは、両方のケースで狂犬病検査が陽性であったことを発表した。
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Communicated by: ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts <promed@promedmail.org>
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[4] Canada (Victoria Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut): dog, human exposure
カナダ（ヌナブト準州キティクメオット地域のビクトリア島）犬、人曝露
Date: Fri 20 Mar 2020 10:01 MDT 2020年3月20日（金）10：01山地標準時
Source: Cabin Radio Canada [edited]
<https://cabinradio.ca/32570/news/yellowknife/public-alert-as-dog-at-nwt-spca-tests-positive-for-rabies/>
Anyone who came into contact with a dog named Kit at Yellowknife's NWT SPCA this month [March 2020] is being urged to come forward after the dog tested positive for rabies.
イエローナイフの動物保護を行っている非営利団体NWT SPCAで今月[2020年3月]にキットという名前の犬と接触した全ての人は申し出るようにとのことです、その犬が狂犬病陽性であることが判明したためです。
Kit, a male husky cross from Cambridge Bay, was featured on Cabin Radio's Pet Project earlier in the month [March 2020]. [Cambridge Bay is a hamlet located on Victoria Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is named for Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, while the traditional Inuinnaqtun name for the area is Ikaluktutiak or Iqaluktuttiaq meaning "good fishing place" <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Bay>. - Mod.TG] However, late last week he developed signs of rabies.
ケンブリッジ湾出身で雄のハスキーの雑種であるキットは、今月初めにキャビンラジオのペットプロジェクトで紹介された[2020年3月]。 [ケンブリッジ湾は、カナダのヌナブト準州のキティクメオット地域のビクトリア島にある集落である。ケンブリッジ公爵アドルフス王子にちなんで名付けられたが、この地域の伝統的なイヌイナクトゥンの名前は「良い釣り場」を意味するイカルクトゥティアクまたはイカルクトゥティアクである。<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Bay>。 -Mod.TG] しかし、キットは先週、狂犬病の徴候を発症した。
Kit was subsequently euthanized and tested positive for rabies. The dog had been held in a cage outside the main NWT SPCA building for a time and may also have had contact with airline staff while travelling from Cambridge Bay to Yellowknife.
キットはその後、安楽殺され、狂犬病検査陽性と判定された。キットは、しばらくの間、NWT SPCAメインビルの外のケージで飼育されていた。また、ケンブリッジベイからイエローナイフに搬送中に航空会社のスタッフと接触した可能性もある。
Anyone who thinks they may have had contact with Kit is urged to call Environmental Health at (867) 767-9066, extension 49262, for a risk assessment to determine if treatment for rabies exposure is needed.
キットと接触したと思われる人は誰でも、狂犬病曝露の治療が必要かどうかを判断するためのリスク評価のために、（867）767-9066、内線49262でEnvironmental Healthに電話することを勧める。
One member of Cabin Radio staff has already received treatment having
filmed with Kit last week. Rabies is almost invariably fatal in humans if allowed to develop untreated.
[Byline: Ollie Williams]
先週、キットを撮影したキャビンラジオのスタッフの一人がすでに治療を受けている。狂犬病は、未治療で発症すると通常ほとんどの人で致死的である。
以下、定型文のため和訳を省略します。
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Rabies is always fatal to unvaccinated animals and without treatment is fatal to humans. If you have been bitten by a rabid animal, wash the wound with copious amounts of soap and water, and seek medical attention right away. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) will likely be needed if the animal tests positive. Antibiotics may also be needed to treat any bacteria from the bite itself. Furthermore, PEP is generally recommended within a specific time post-bite.
PEP consists of a dose of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) and rabies vaccine given on the day of the rabies exposure, and then a dose of vaccine given again on days 3, 7, and 14. For people who have never been vaccinated against rabies previously, PEP should always include administration of both HRIG and rabies vaccine. The combination of HRIG and vaccine is recommended for both bite and non-bite exposures, regardless of the interval between exposure and initiation of treatment.
People who have been previously vaccinated or are receiving preexposure vaccination for rabies should receive only vaccine.
Adverse reactions to rabies vaccine and immune globulin are not common. Newer vaccines in use today cause fewer adverse reactions than previously available vaccines. Mild, local reactions to the rabies vaccine, such as pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site, have been reported. Rarely, symptoms such as headache, nausea, abdominal pain, muscle aches, and dizziness have been reported. Local pain and low-grade fever may follow injection of rabies immune globulin.
The vaccine should be given at recommended intervals for best results. Talk to your doctor or state or local public health officials if you will not be able to have your shots at the recommended interval. Rabies prevention is a serious matter, and changes should not be made in the schedule of doses. Patient assistance programs that provide medications to uninsured or underinsured patients are available for rabies vaccine and immune globulin.
People cannot transmit rabies to other people unless they themselves are sick with rabies. PEP will protect you from developing rabies, and therefore you cannot expose other people to rabies. You can continue to participate in your normal activities(<https://www.cdc.gov/rabies/medical_care/index.html>).
Only one article here mentions keeping your animals vaccinated against rabies. This is very important to build a barrier between you and this disease. If the animal biting your pet proves to have rabies and your pet is unvaccinated, it generally required for the pet to be euthanized. It is critical to your pet's life to keep them vaccinated against rabies and other preventable diseases.
If states are having trouble with wildlife rabies, especially in certain areas, I wonder if they should consider oral rabies vaccinebait for wildlife? - Mod.TG]
[Sabino Canyon is a popular recreation area located about 16 miles (25.7 km) northeast of Tucson, Arizona(<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabino_Canyon>). A map showing its location can be found at<https://www.google.com/maps/@32.2580829,-110.9776216,12z>. The Santa Rita Mountains are located about 65 km (40 mi) southeast of Tucson (<https://www.google.com/maps/@32.0394912,-110.7884508,11z>).
Victoria Island is a large island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago; the western third of the island belongs to the Inuvik Region in the Northwest Territories (NWT); the eastern remainder is part of Nunavut's Kitikmeot Region(<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Island_(Canada)>). Cambridge Bay, with a population of 1766 residents in 2016, is located in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut
(<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Bay>). Yellowknife is the capital and largest community in the NWT(<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowknife>). - Mod.ML
HealthMap/ProMED-mail maps:
United States: <http://healthmap.org/promed/p/106>
Canada: <http://healthmap.org/promed/p/12>]
[See Also:
Rabies (06): Americas (USA) cat, fox, cow, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20200302.7041402
Rabies (03): Americas (USA) cat, fox, otter, coyote, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20200214.6987679
Rabies (02): Americas (USA) raccoon, cat, human, dog exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20200201.6943518
2019
----
Rabies (57): Americas (USA) raccoon, cat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191226.6858881
Rabies (53): Americas (USA) fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191125.6797040
Rabies (50): Americas (USA) cat, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20191110.6771632
Rabies (49): Americas (USA) fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191108.6769314
Rabies (48): Americas (USA) cat, dog, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20191031.6752781
Rabies (47): Americas (USA) skunk, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20191022.6740671
Rabies (45): Americas (USA) dog, skunk, raccoon, fox, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190917.6678064
Rabies (44): Americas (USA) bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190904.6657837
Rabies (43): Americas (USA) fox, bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190825.6639484
Rabies (42): Americas (USA) dog, cat, fox, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190810.6615389
Rabies (40): Americas (USA) bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190730.6595948
Rabies (39): Americas (Canada, USA) bat, fox, kitten, raccoon, human
http://promedmail.org/post/20190724.6584394
Rabies (38): Americas (Canada, USA) bat, fox, human
http://promedmail.org/post/20190718.6574088
Rabies (37): Americas (USA) cat, fox, raccoon, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190707.6555131
Rabies (34): Americas (USA) cat, dog, skunk, bat, human exp
http://promedmail.org/post/20190613.6517390
Rabies (30): Americas, USA (FL, NC) cat, fox, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190526.6488419
Rabies (28): Americas, USA, cattle, imported dogs, corr.
http://promedmail.org/post/20190512.6466342
Rabies (28): Americas (USA) cattle, imported dogs
http://promedmail.org/post/20190511.6465671
Rabies (26): Americas (USA) fox, raccoon, dog, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190507.6459317
Rabies (13): Americas, USA (CO, PA) dog, cow, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190327.6390272
Rabies (12): Americas, USA (SC, CT) raccoon, dog, human exp.
http://promedmail.org/post/20190322.6380311
Rabies (11): Americas, USA (FL) raccoon, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20190320.6375303
Rabies (10): Americas, USA (SC) goat, human exposure
http://promedmail.org/post/20190313.6365399
Rabies (09): Americas, USA (NY) raccoon, alert
http://promedmail.org/post/20190313.6363251]
